美与生态健康在语境性审美体验中的整合——以伊顿的审美理论为讨论中心

借鉴生态学知识与原理来重新解释审美活动及其一系列关键词是生态美学建构的重要组成部分,针对生态危机这个时代语境来重释"美"的要点则是解释它与"生态健康"的内在关联,其理论难点是将认识性的、不可感知的"生态健康"内容有机地融合到审美体验之中,从而建构出有别于传统之"美"的"生态健康之美",进而将传统的审美体验转化为生态审美体验。这项工作的理论前提是从美学基本原理的角度,重释审美体验的特征及其相关的关键词。美国学者伊顿的审美理论在反思和批判现代西方审美体验理论的基础上,从分析美学的视野出发探讨了审美体验的语境性特征并提出了"语境美",在此基础上提出了"需要健康的美"这样的生态美学命题,比较好地解决了"美与生态健康的有机融合何以可能?"这一生态美学理论难题,对于我们的生态美学建构具有一定的启发意义。     

腐败心理的内涵、构成及抑制策略

腐败心理是支配腐败行为人实施腐败行为的复杂心理现象的总称。腐败心理不仅是腐败行为发生的内在动因,其构成要素的组合状况和特点还决定了腐败行为的性质、类型和发生频次。因此,抑制腐败心理的生成,需要培育积极的心理动力结构要素、合理的心理认知结构要素和有效的心理自控结构要素,从源头上构筑起预防腐败行为发生的内在防线。     

构建社会主义和谐社会是一项复杂的社会系统工程

社会主义和谐社会是一个复杂的动态网络系统,而构建社会主义和谐社会则是一项复杂的社会系统工程。这项工程在运行机制和功能上都有其特殊的表现。不仅如此,它还内蕴着规律的复杂动态网络系统的交互作用。正确把握这些规律及其交互作用,对于推进社会主义和谐社会的建设至关重要。     

Identity construction of suspects in telecom and internet fraud discourse: from a sociosemiotic perspective

ABSTRACT

As a new kind of contactless crime, the telecom and internet fraud has become a public hazard, with criminals targeting massive numbers of innocent victims. It is a prominent criminal problem that currently affects social stability and the sense of security of the public. Since the six Ministries and Commissions jointly cracked down the crime in 2016, the number of cases and the number of people deceived have decreased, but the occurrence and frequency has still been at a high rate, and the situation is deteriorating. Regardless of the scientific and technological means used by fraudsters, the main medium is language. From a sociosemiotic perspective, this study identifies that the criminal suspects use the discourse resources to fabricate false information and construct false identities through discursive practice, with the aim of achieving the communicative purpose of obtaining victims’ trust, tricking, deceiving and manipulating their victims into giving out confidential information and funds. This study, taking telecom fraud discourse as one type of genre, examines the dynamic process of selecting and constructing identities by manipulating related discourse resources and strategies in the social-cultural context. This study further provides a sociosemiotic solution to telecom fraud prevention.     

台湾地区警察教育考察之启示

台湾地区警察教育有着鲜明的特色,两所警校培养目标明确,既重视多元化教育和注重学生养成教育,把通识教育摆在重要位置,也强调校园伦理规范和学生精神、品德操守的培养训练;教学中突出警察教育实战化,广泛采用实景教学,建立有一支优秀教官队伍;实行警察特考制度,使警察招录与警察教育有效衔接;养成教育序列的学生实行全公费制。与台湾地区警察教育制度相比,内地警察院校应当转变教育教学理念,强调品德与专业素质并重;全力推进贴近实战、服务实战的警察人才培养模式,建立健全"双向交流"制度,壮大"双师"素质教师队伍;改革警察院校招录制度,实行警察招录与警察教育相衔接机制,确保警察院校毕业生就业畅通。     

隐性动态贫困的识别与治理——兼论反向国债作为扶贫济困新思路的可行性

“隐性动态贫困”的识别与治理是一个世界性难题,也是我国扶贫济困工作未来所面对的主要挑战。传统治理工具主要应对“绝对贫困状态-相对贫困状态”路径及存在可识别的贫困表征的相对贫困问题,较难对“非贫困状态-相对贫困状态”路径的相对贫困问题进行有效的识别与应对。以“隐性动态贫困”问题的有效识别与应对为目标,国家应推出反向国债作为一种新的扶贫济困的治理工具,以作为传统扶贫济困治理工具的补充,为相对贫困中的“隐性动态贫困”问题的识别与治理提供新思路。     

“县权公开”面临的困境及解决思路

“县权公开”对于加强党的执政能力，巩固党的执政基础，推动党内民主发展和防治县权腐败具有非常重要的价值。但当前“县权公开”改革仍然面临着困境，如怎么追究违犯规定后的责任、如何处理权威与公开的关系等。造成上述困境的原因是多方面的，既有体制制度方面的原因，也有领导干部个人方面的原因。要真正实现“县权公开”，还需要相关部门在建立健全权力运行制度、改革完善监督制度、规范约束县委书记权力、提高县级领导干部思想认识等方面下工夫。     

Electoral volatility and parties’ ideological responsiveness

For a number of decades now, scholars have been indicating that ties between citizens and parties are eroding. As a consequence, electoral behaviour has become more volatile and also more unpredictable. The consequences of this process of change on parties’ strategic behaviour have, however, received little attention. In this article, the impact of dealignment on parties’ strategic behaviour is examined, with the focus being on the extent to which parties are responsive to the mean voter. The expectation of dealignment allowing parties ‘to move around more freely’ leads to the hypothesis that parties are more responsive in a context of dealignment. The analyses provide evidence that is in line with this expectation. Ideological responsiveness is conditioned by the level of volatility in the electorate. The conclusion to draw from these results is that dealignment, which profoundly affects voters’ behaviour, leads parties to become more responsive to the mean voter.     

商业贿赂犯罪的动态特征与发展趋势

近年来，随着我国市场经济不断发展，发生在商品流通和服务行业等领域的商业贿赂行为并未得到切实有效地根治，作为一种具有动态意义的新型经济犯罪活动，其触角逐步伸入其他行业和领域，并呈现出一系列新的特点和发展态势。其动态变化特征主要有：犯罪形式多样，犯罪手段隐蔽，侦查难度加大；行业特点明显，发案部门集中，窝案串案突出；案件数目上升，涉案金额加大，大要案比例高；职务犯罪突出，主体特征明显，顶风作案严重。其发展趋势表现为：犯罪领域扩展，防控精度下降；作案手法翻新，查处难度加大；组织程度提高，期货特征明显；社会影响恶劣，危害程度加剧。各地应根据本地商贿犯罪现实情形与发展态势，建立健全惩防商贿犯罪的长效机制。     

设计签名的特点和鉴定方法

设计签名作为特殊的签名种类有其特有的书写规范和特征．在设计签名笔迹鉴定中既要遵循一般的笔迹检验技术规范，又要重视和分析设计签名的特点，通过设计者、签名用途和书写条件等特征数量和质量的衡量标准，进而形成更加符合设计签名书写习惯的综合评断。